Ethereum Layer 2: Comparison with Arbitrum, Optimism, zkSync, and Starknet

Bittime - Ethereum Layer 2 is now a crucial part of the Ethereum network's development. This solution helps reduce gas fees and speed up transaction processing without compromising the security of the mainnet.

Layer 2 technology processes transactions outside the main chain and then sends the final results to the mainnet, allowing users to enjoy greater efficiency while remaining protected by Ethereum's security.

Layer 2 Solution Types: Optimistic and ZK Rollups

The two main technologies in layer 2 solutions areoptimistic rollups And zero-knowledge rollups (ZK-rollups). Optimistic rollupslike Arbitrum and Optimism assume every transaction is valid, unless there is evidence to the contrary.

Meanwhile, ZK-rollupssuch as zkSync and Starknet use cryptographic proofs that ensure the validity of each batch of transactions before they are stored on the mainnet.

Approach ZK-rollupsoffers faster confirmation speeds and lower costs, but requires more complex technology.

Most Popular Layer 2 Projects

Several Layer 2 projects now dominate the Ethereum ecosystem. Arbitrum and Optimism are top choices thanks to their high compatibility with the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), making it easier for developers to migrate DeFi applications.

Meanwhile, zkSync and Starknet have attracted attention for their high efficiency and instant transaction times. Coinbase also introduced Base, an Optimism-based L2 solution targeting retail users and offering direct integration with crypto exchanges.

Benefits for Users and Developers

For users, layer 2 offers a transaction experience with low gas fees and fast confirmation times.

Developers benefit from the ease of adapting EVM-based applications and increased scalability without the need to rebuild infrastructure.

This solution also helps reduce the burden on the Ethereum main network, which often experiences congestion due to the surge in DeFi and NFT activity.

Challenges and Risks to Face

While promising, layer 2 still faces a number of challenges.Optimistic rollupsrequires a verification period of several days to avoid unauthorized transactions, whereasZK-rollupsfacing high costs for the process of creating cryptographic evidence.

Furthermore, interoperability issues between layer 2 networks and the risk of bugs in smart contracts remain. Security audits and transparency remain a priority to maintain user trust.

Conclusion

Layer 2 solutions are a strategic step in overcoming Ethereum's limitations, especially regarding transaction costs and speed.

Optimistic rollupsprovides ease of integration, whileZK-rollupspromises high levels of efficiency and security.

As the ecosystem evolves, the combination of the two is expected to form a major foundation for Ethereum's future growth.

FAQ

What is the main function of Layer 2 in Ethereum? 

Layer 2 serves to speed up transactions and lower gas fees without sacrificing Ethereum's security.

What are the main differences between Optimistic Rollup and ZK Rollup?

Optimistic Rollup assumes transactions are valid until proven otherwise, while ZK Rollup verifies all transactions with cryptographic proof before they are stored on the mainnet.

Are assets on Layer 2 safe?

Yes, because transaction data is stored on the Ethereum mainnet, but there is still a risk of smart contract bugs or asset bridge failures.

What are the most used Layer 2 projects today?

Arbitrum and Optimism remain the two most popular projects, followed by zkSync and Starknet, which are growing rapidly in the DeFi and NFT sectors.

Can Layer 2 replace Ethereum?

No. Layer 2 actually strengthens Ethereum by increasing capacity and efficiency without changing the mainnet's primary role as the network's security hub.

How to Buy Crypto on Bittime

Want to trade sell buy Bitcoins and crypto investment easily? Bittime is here to help! As an Indonesian crypto exchange officially registered with Bappebti, Bittime ensures every transaction is safe and fast.

Start with registration and identity verification, then make a minimum deposit of IDR 10,000. After that, you can immediately buy your favorite digital assets!

Check the exchange rate BTC to IDR, ETH to IDR, SOL to IDR and other crypto assets to find out today's crypto market trends in real-time on Bittime.

Also, visit the Bittime Blog for interesting updates and educational information about the crypto world. Find reliable articles about Web3, blockchain technology, and digital asset investment tips designed to enrich your crypto knowledge.