Greenland, the World's Largest Island with a Permanent Ice Sheet

When people think of Greenland, they often imagine vast expanses of white ice and extreme temperatures. This is no surprise, as Greenland is known as the world's largest island, largely covered in perpetual ice.

However, behind the cold and lonely impression, this giant island holds interesting stories about geography, culture, and its role in the issue of global climate change.

Greenland is not only vast in terms of land area, but also has a significant impact on the Earth's environmental balance. That's why the island is frequently in the spotlight of scientists and researchers from various countries.

Key Takeaways

• Greenland is the largest island in the world with an area of ​​more than 2.17 million km².
• Most of the area is covered with thick ice up to 3 km in the center.
• The Greenland ice sheet plays a crucial role in the issue of global climate change.

Greenland: The Largest Island in the World

Image Source: War on the Rocks

Greenland is officially recognized as the world's largest island by Guinness World Records. Its land area is approximately 2,175,600 square kilometers, far surpassing other large islands such as Papua or Borneo.

However, Greenland is not categorized as a continent.

Many people ask why Australia isn't considered the largest island. The answer is because Australia is generally classified as a continent, not an island.

With that exception, Greenland automatically takes the top spot as the largest island on the planet.

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Greenland's Strategic Geographical Location

Greenland is located in the northern hemisphere, between the North Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean. The island lies east of Baffin Bay and close to the North Pole.

Politically, Greenland is an autonomous territory under the Kingdom of Denmark. This means Greenland has the authority to regulate its own internal affairs, while foreign affairs and defense remain under Denmark.

Despite its enormous size, Greenland's population is relatively small, only about 55,000. The majority of residents live in coastal areas, as the central part of the island is nearly uninhabitable due to the thick ice sheet.

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Greenland's Permafrost

Image Source: iStock

One of Greenland's most distinctive features is the perpetual ice sheet that covers most of its territory. It's estimated that over 80% of Greenland's landmass is covered in ice, with ice reaching 3 kilometers in thickness in some spots.

This ice sheet is more than just an ordinary iceberg; it represents one of the world's largest reserves of fresh water. This is where Greenland plays a crucial role in the global climate system.

However, along the coast, the scenery offers stark contrasts. You'll find deep fjords, steep cliffs, icy mountains, and dramatic and beautiful coastlines.

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Extreme Climate Full of Unique Phenomena

Most of Greenland lies north of the Arctic Circle, so it experiences long, dark winters. Temperatures can drop very low, especially inland.

During summer, conditions are slightly milder, especially in coastal areas. Average temperatures can reach around 9 degrees Celsius.

Although it is still relatively cold, this period allows for outdoor activities and more active community life.

Natural phenomena such as the midnight sun and the aurora borealis are also a special attraction for Greenland.

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Inuit Culture Adapting to Nature

Image Source: Grist

Greenland is not just about ice and snow, but also about humans who have managed to survive in extreme environments. The indigenous people of Greenland are known as the Inuit, who have lived in this region for thousands of years.

They developed a lifestyle deeply in harmony with the Arctic environment, from hunting and fishing to making unique handicrafts. These traditions are still preserved today and form part of Greenland's cultural identity.

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Greenland's Role in Climate Change Issues

The Greenland ice sheet is a major focus of climate change research. If this ice were to melt on a large scale, global sea levels could rise significantly, impacting many coastal areas worldwide.

Therefore, Greenland is often used as an important indicator for monitoring the impacts of global warming. What happens on the world's largest island can provide insights into the future of Earth's climate.

Conclusion

So, Greenland, as the largest island in the world, not only excels in terms of area, but also plays an important role globally.

From its perpetual ice sheet, its unique Inuit culture, to its influence on climate change, Greenland holds many fascinating stories.

This island proves that even extreme natural environments can hold beauty, life, and important lessons for humans about environmental balance.

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FAQ

Is Greenland really the largest island in the world?

Yes, Greenland is officially recognized as the largest island in the world because Australia is classified as a continent.

How big is Greenland?

The land area of ​​Greenland is approximately 2,175,600 square kilometers.

Why is most of Greenland covered in ice?

Because it is located in the Arctic region with very low temperatures, ice has accumulated over thousands of years.

Who are the indigenous people of Greenland?

The indigenous people of Greenland are the Inuit people who have lived in the region for a long time.

Why is Greenland important in the issue of climate change?

Because the ice sheet is a large freshwater reserve that if it melts could raise global sea levels.